Global warming is a big environmental challenge the world is currently facing. In recent decades, the average global temperature has been significantly raised which has caused climate change and shift in rains. The biggest cause of global warming is CO₂. The industry produces 40% of worldwide CO₂ emissions in which the iron and steel, cement and chemicals industry are the main sources. It has also been reported that around 30 % of the CO₂ emissions comes from power plants using fossil fuels. Similarly carbon dioxide is a major unwanted constituent in natural gas. It reduces the heating value, increases the compression cost and also causes corrosion to gas transportation pipelines. CO₂ capture and storage is crucial and the need of the day. In addition of strict environmental laws, efficient and cheap technologies need to be developed to motivate industrialists for carbon capture and storage.

Conventional absorption plants were focused to provide maximum area of contact of both the phases either liquid-liquid, liquid-gas or gas-gas in order to achieve the maximum mass transfer of selected species. As these processes work on principle of dispersion of phases among each other, various problems arises which include unloading, weeping, entraining and flooding. Moreover these processes results in high capital and operating costs. Keeping in view the difficulties and constraints in utilizing the conventional absorption process, scientists and engineers felt to innovate and develop new processes and techniques in order to overcome the mentioned difficulties.

Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is another advance technology to produce power from Syn gases with inherent capture of CO2. An emerging technology that avoids these problems is membrane gas absorption process that employs selective and/or non-selective membrane for the capture of CO2. The membrane material is, in general, polymeric in nature. The module for the separation process is either spiral wound or hollow fiber depending upon the type of membrane, mode of operation and driving force. The membrane employed is to be flat sheet or in form of hollow fibers.

Gas-gas and/or gas-liquid membrane contactors are proven to be efficient alternatives to chemical absorption systems. These contactors have great potential to augment or replace conventional CO2 capture processes because of their documented advantages