The disposal of highly polluted industrial effluents has immense threats to human and aquatic life. Most of the patients in hospitals are diagnosed of waterborne diseases. The Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is known to be an attractive technology for bio-energy generation and wastewater treatment. The stringent environmental regulations on treatment of polluted effluents led to the usage of Microbial Fuel Cell technology. The pollutants in the industrial wastes and its effluents are biodegraded by microorganisms with generation of bio energy. Therefore, the organic load in the waste water is removed by biodegradation. The removal of these organic pollutants results in the form of wastewater treatment. This is an innovative technique for the treatment of wastewater and the production of electricity. The type of fuel cell used is the Benthic microbial fuel cells (BMFC) that remove organic matter (OM) and generate electricity from sediments rich in organic material. We used the MFC’s that will produce less sludge with net energy production. This technology offers extensive opportunities for treatment of wastewater in terms of environmental protection. For large scale applications and research areas for a sustainable waste water treatment, MFC’s are designed. The design suggests that the microbes and other impurities work as a catalyst that break down the sugar and various nutrients in the surrounding. This will produce an amount of energy contained in those molecules as the current. For microbial fuel cells, various kinds of wastewater can be used as the feed in which the bacterial electrons are in production at anaerobic conditions. The current processes in wastewater treatment with respect to consumption of energy and recovery along with the discussion of Benthic Microbial Fuel Cell technology are key areas of this project.