South Asian Studies, Vol 31, No 2 (2016)

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Historical Review of Medieval Feminism in South Asia: Amir Khusrau’s work

Dr. Rukhsana Iftikhar, Muhammad Sohail

Abstract


Literature is considered an important source of history. Different types of historical literatures were produced in India during medieval period. Minhaj Siraj, Hasan Nizami, Fukhri-i-Mudabbir and Zia-ud-din Barani were the professional historian who revealed the political history of medieval India. In medieval tradition of historiography, historical works could be written in a special style and might combine the oratory and poetry. Amir khusrau (1253-1325A.D) was a multifaceted, multi-talented poet to whom the term ―renaissance man‖ genuinely applies. His poetic version described the minute details of political, social and cultural aspects of Indian life; even he criticized the public activities of women. Amir Khusrau was associated with three dynasties of Sultanate period in Hindustan. Amir Khusrau integrated into his vast poetic output, many perspicacious observations about contemporary Indian mores. His work is valuable not only as literary source but also for historical, social and political insight. Amir Khusrau is also known as the harbinger of the cultural synthesis between Hindu and Muslim civilization. His work is a defining moment in Indo Persian literature as it makes available crucial insights into his intellectual heritage and cultural intricacies of his age. Amir Khusrau was a known poet of his age, acknowledged as ―Tuti-iHind‖. His primary concern was to demonstrate his literary works. He gained lasting reputation and got the reward of his literary performances. His work including his five Diwans and Masnvis such as Ijaz-i-khusrawi, Nuh-i-Siphar, Hast-Bhaist, Matla-ul-Anwar, Khazain-ul-Futuh, Qiranus-Saadain covered many aspects of Sultanate history. Amir Khusrau narrates political, religious and social life of medieval period through his poetry. Amir Khusrau‘s work also depicts the moral standards of that time regarding women. Khusrau addresses various issues of women through his masnavis. Although, his work is an alternate source of history but it is remarkable in portraying the real face of feminisms in Middle Ages. This article basically encompasses those literary works of Amir Khusrau which dealt with the status of women during Sultanate period.

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