Journal of Media Studies, Vol 36, No 1 (2021)

Font Size:  Small  Medium  Large

Coverage Of Civil Military Issues And Social Responsibility Of Pakistani Media

Hassan Siddique, Ayesha Ashfaq

Abstract


Since the inception of Pakistan, the nation is gripped in political crises. Number of martial laws and rifts between civil and military leadership during democratic eras kept Pakistan under extraordinary political crises. During the two democratic regimes of Pakistan Peoples Party and Pakistan Muslim League (N) from 2008 to 2018, one more player came into the political scene of Pakistan due to the arrival of private electronic media. This study explores, assesses and recommends the required role of media in the civil military conflicts from 2008 to 2018. For this purpose ten experts were thoroughly interviewed and thematic analysis was applied to fetch the results. Findings revealed that it's the social responsibility of state institutions to legislate the new laws in order to specifically draw lines and enforce the current laws. Similarly in order to end monopoly of media houses, cross-media ownership should be banned and income generation models of Pakistani media should be revisited, so that socio-economic issues of the country are not ignored at the cost of the coverage of Civil Military issues and other popular content.


References


Abbas, H. (2004). Pakistan's drift into extremism: Allah, the army, and America's war on terror. ME Sharpe.

Akhtar, N. (2009). Polarized politics: the challenge of democracy in Pakistan. International Journal on World Peace, 31-63.

Akhtar, N. (2017). CIVIL MILITARY RELATIONS DURING THE ZARDARI REGIME (2008-2012) IN PAKISTAN: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS. http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/9089/1/Nasreen_Akhtrar_IR_QAU_HSR_09.04.2018.pdf

Ashraf, A., & Shabbir, G. (2020). Impact of Political Environment on Media Freedom in Pakistan. South Asian Studies, 34(1).

Baran, S., & Davis, D. (2012). Introduction to Mass Communication Theory. Delhi: Cengage Learning.

Copeland, D. A., & Copeland, D. (2010). The Media's Role In Defining The Nation: The Active Voice (Vol. 5). Peter Lang.

Davis, D.K. (1990). "News and Politics" In D. L. Swanson and D. Nimmo, eds., New Directions in Political Communication. Newburry Park, CA: Sage.

Dawood, M. (2014). The causes of military interventions in politics: a case study of Pakistan and Bangladesh. In 1st INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES, ICSH 2014 (p. 313).

Eijaz, A., Rahman, B. H., Ahmad, R. E., & Butt, J. A. (2014). Challenges and Options for Pakistani Media in the 21 st Century. Journal of Political Studies, 21(1).

Fair, C. C. (2011). Pakistan in 2010: Flooding, governmental inefficiency, and continued insurgency. Asian Survey, 51(1), 97-110.

Goulding, C. (1999). Grounded Theory: some reflections on paradigm, procedures and misconceptions.

Greenwood, L., & Balachandran, G. (2014). The search for common ground: civil-military relations in Pakistan.

Hasnain, Z. (2008). The Politics of Service Delivery in Pakistan: Political Parties and the Incentives for Patronage, 1988-1999. The Pakistan Development Review, 129-151.

Hussain, A. (1967). Inside Pakistan: An Assessment of President Ayub Khan. The World Today, 23(8), 339-347.

Janjua, B. R. W. (2010). Civil-Military Relations: The Impact Of Internal And External Factors In Shaping The Balance Of Civil And Military Power. NDU Journal, 1(1), 26-27.

Jaspal, Z. (2015). "SMALL" STATES IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS (pp. 61-80, Rep.) (Wahlers G., Ed.). Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. Retrieved June 14, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/resrep10119.7

McIntyre, J. S. (1987). Repositioning a landmark: The Hutchins Commission and freedom of the press. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 4(2), 136-160.

Moghaddam, A. (2006). Coding issues in grounded theory. Issues in educational research, 16(1), 52-66.

Qadeer, A., Shehzad, W., & Chishti, M. I. (2017). Print Media Practices in the Representation of Political Discourse in Pakistan. PUBLICATION BRANCH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN, 186.

Raza, M. M., & Khan, M. M. (2019). The Shift of Power from the Public Representatives to the Bureaucratic and Military Elite: Case Study of the First Decade of Pakistan. Pakistan Perspectives, 24(1).

Rizvi, H. A. (2004). Pakistan: Civil-military relations in a praetorian state. The military and democracy in Asia and the Pacific, 88-100.

Rizvi, H. A. (2011). Democracy in Pakistan. Panorama: Insights into Asian and European Affairs is a series of occasional papers published by the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung's "Regional Programme Political Dialogue Asia/Singapore"., 117.

Sarantakos, S. (2005). Social research. (3rd Ed.). Houndmills, Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.

Shehzad, H., Raza, A., & Ghauri, Z. S. (2016). Conflict Resolution: Editorialization of Government-Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan Dialogue. Global Regional Review, 1(1), 24-34.

Siddiqa, A. (2017). Military Inc.: inside Pakistan's military economy. Penguin Random House India.

Siebert, F. T., Peterson, T. B. & Schramm, W. (1956). Four theories of the press: The authoritarian, libertarian, social responsibility, and Soviet communist concepts of what the press should be and do. University of Illinois press.

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1990). Basics of qualitative research. Sage publications.

Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research techniques. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage publications.

Taseer, S. (1979). Bhutto: a political biography (pp. 25-7). London: Ithaca Press.

Wolf, S. (2017). An Assessment of the Latest Premature End of Nawaz Sharif's Prime Ministership. SADF Comment, (97).

Young, J. C., Rose, D. C., Mumby, H. S., Benitezā€Capistros, F., Derrick, C. J., Finch, T.& Parkinson, S. (2018). A methodological guide to using and reporting on interviews in conservation science research. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 9(1), 10-19.

Ziring, L. (1981). Bureaucratic Politics and the Fall of Ayub Khan. Asian Affairs: An American Review, 8(5), 304-322.


Full Text: PDF

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Institute of Communication Studies
University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore - 54590, Pakistan.

E-Mail : ed.jms.ics@gmail.com

Phone No. : 92-42-99231225