MYCOPATH, Vol 19, No 2 (2021)

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Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum by Trichoderma spp. in Aloe vera under greenhouse and field conditions

Hadassa Yuef Martínez-Padrón, Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera, Verónica Herrera Mayorga, Francisco Alejandro Paredes Sánchez, Ma. Teresa de Jesús Segura Martínez, Eduardo Osorio-Hernández

Abstract


 

During the last decade, an increase in the incidence of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum in aloe [Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.] plants has been observed, reducing the national production by 14%. A study was conducted to evaluate five native strains of Trichoderma against F. oxysporum in A. vera plants, under greenhouse and field conditions. The experiment in the greenhouse consisted of evaluating 1-year-old A. vera plants, which were inoculated in the root with a suspension of 10 mL of 1×108 conidia of Trichoderma spp. This experiment consisted of six treatments with ten repetitions; five strains of Trichoderma spp. and the control (without chemical treatment). The evaluation in field was conducted for one year (2016-17) to test five strains of Trichoderma spp. and the control (without chemical treatment), under a randomized complete block design with five replications. The evaluation under greenhouse conditions showed that when A. vera plants were treated with Trichoderma asperellum, the lowest incidence (5%) of F. oxysporum was observed and plants had the highest number of leaves than the rest of the treatments with 0.9% of total solids. Under greenhouse conditions, plants inoculated with Trichoderma asperellum and T. harzianum reduced the incidence of F. oxysporum by 30% and 40%, respectively. In the field, when evaluating T. asperellum, a lower incidence (9%) of F. oxysporum was observed in A. vera plants, and the leaves showed 0.9% of total solids. The plants inoculated with T. asperellum and T. harzianum decreased the incidence of the phytopathogen by 40% and 50%, respectively.  In addition, an increase was observed in plant height, number of leaves, total solids, weight of root and leaves of A. vera with different Trichoderma species both under greenhouse and field conditions.

 


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