Management of Macrophomina phaseolina by extracts of Launea nudicaulis
Abstract
Laboratory bioassays were carried out to assess antifungal activity of different parts of Launea nudicaulis, a weed of family Asteraceae against a highly problematic soil-borne fugal plant pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina. Dried and crushed different parts of the weed namely leaf, stem, root and inflorescence were extracted with methanol for two weeks. After evaporation of methanol on a rotary evaporator, the remaining materials were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted with distilled water to prepare different concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 mg mL-1. In general, all the extracts showed variable antifungal activity. The highest antifungal activity was exhibited by methanolic leaf extract followed by stem, root and inflorescence extract resulting in 20–75%, 9–66%, 5–58% and 3–39% decline in fungal biomass as compared to control, respectively. A linear relationship was recorded between different concentrations of methanolic leaf, stem, root and inflorescence extract, and fungal biomass with R2 = 0.9733, 0.9768 and 0.8854 and 0.9642, respectively. This study concludes that methanolic leaf and stem extracts of L. nudicaulis possess potent antifungal activity against M. phaseolina.
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